Role of Mangrove Ecosystem in Mitigating Climate Change: A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63639/5c56qx19Keywords:
Mangrove, Blue Carbon, Climate Mitigation, Carbon Storage, Policy EnvironmentAbstract
The mangrove ecosystem can absorb and store organic carbon higher than other ecosystem, significantly mitigating climate change. Unfortunately, a large portion of mangrove areas has been deforested, degraded, or converted to other land uses, leading to a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions. This article presents a review of mangroves' role in the cycle of carbon, the mechanism of carbon storage (blue carbon), greenhouse gas emissions, other gases (methane and nitrous oxide), and the support of the ecosystem for adaptation and resilience on the beach. This review method involves analyzing the scientific literature and reporting policy from 2000 to 2024. The results show that mangroves can keep carbon up to 1,023 Mg C/ha in sediment, with a level of accumulation of 1.5–3.0 Mg C/ha/ year. In addition, mangrove management and restoration can reduce equivalent CO₂ emissions by up to 10–25% in coastal tropical zones. Implementing policies and mechanisms in the payment service ecosystem is key to maximizing potential mangrove mitigation.
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