Utilization of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for Vegetation Density Analysis in Binjai City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63639/s7zdva75Keywords:
Binjai City, Vegetation Density, Landsat 9, NDVI, Remote SensingAbstract
Urban development in Binjai City has increased the conversion of vegetated land into built-up areas, so up-to-date information on vegetation density is needed for spatial planning. This study aims to map the density and spatial distribution of vegetation across the entire administrative area of Binjai City in 2025 as a baseline for sustainable spatial planning. A Landsat 9 image was pre-processed through radiometric and atmospheric correction and clipped to the city boundary, and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated from the near-infrared and red bands in ArcGIS Pro. NDVI values were classified into five density classes and analysed spatially and descriptively. The high greenness class covered 7,385 ha (78.5% of the analysed area) and was concentrated in the southern, western and northern parts of the city, where agricultural land and plantations still dominate the urban fringe. The moderate greenness class (11.9%) was scattered in the central and eastern parts, while the low and very low greenness classes (9.6%) were concentrated in the city centre and along the main road corridors. Vegetation cover in Binjai City is therefore still dominated by high greenness, although low-vegetation areas have formed in the urban core and along transport corridors. These results provide a city-wide baseline for monitoring future vegetation change and for prioritising green open space in the city centre.
References
Afrizal, M. A. (2025). Analisis Kepadatan Penduduk Terhadap Ketersediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau di Kota Binjai (Skripsi, Universitas Sumatera Utara). Repositori Universitas Sumatera Utara. https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/110222
Arnanto, A. (2015). Pemanfaatan transformasi Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Citra Landsat TM untuk Zonasi Vegetasi di Lereng Merapi Bagian Selatan. Geomedia: Majalah Ilmiah dan Informasi Kegeografian. https://doi.org/10.21831/gm.v11i2.3448
Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Binjai. (2024). Statistik Daerah Kota Binjai 2024. Binjai: BPS Kota Binjai. Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Binjai
Budiputra, A. R. (2021). Analisis Kerapatan Vegetasi di Kabupaten Magelang Menggunakan Citra Landsat 8 Bermetode NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). Jurnal Sosial Teknologi, 1(11), 1332–1340. https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsostech.v1i11.231
Doni, L. R., Yuliantina, A., Dewi, R., Pahlevi, M. Z., & Kusumawardhani, N. A. (2021). Komparasi Luas Tutupan Lahan di Kota Bandar Lampung Berdasarkan Algoritma NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) dan EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index). Jurnal Geosains dan Remote Sensing, 2(1), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.23960/jgrs.2021.v2i1.43
Hadi, F. (2021). Analisis Kerapatan Vegetasi di Kecamatan Binjai Utara Kota Binjai Provinsi Sumatera Utara (Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Sumatera Utara). Repositori Universitas Sumatera Utara. https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/47176
Hardianto, A., Dewi, P. U., Feriansyah, T., Sari, N. F. S., & Rifiana, N. S. (2021). Pemanfaatan Citra Landsat 8 dalam Mengidentifikasi Nilai Indeks Kerapatan Vegetasi (NDVI) Tahun 2013 dan 2019 (Area Studi: Kota Bandar Lampung). Jurnal Geosains Dan Remote Sensing, 2(1), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.23960/jgrs.2021.v2i1.38
Hidayati, I. N., Suharyadi, R., & Danoedoro, P. (2018). Kombinasi Indeks Citra untuk Analisis Lahan Terbangun dan Vegetasi Perkotaan. Majalah Geografi Indonesia, 32(1), 24–32. https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.31899
Husni, M. F., Wahyudiono, S. ., & Suhartati, T. (2025). Analisis Perubahan Kerapatan Vegetasi Penutup Lahan dengan Metode Indeks Vegetasi NDVI (Studi Kasus di Kawasan Hutan Rakyat Kabupaten Gunung Kidul). Jurnal Wana Tropika, 14(2), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.55180/jwt.v14i2.1651
Jimenez, R. B., Lane, K. J., Hutyra, L. R., & Fabian, M. P. (2022). Spatial Resolution of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Greenness Exposure Misclassification in an Urban Cohort. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 32(2), 213–222. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-022-00409-w
Lasaiba, M. A. L. (2022). Pemanfaatan Citra Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS untuk Identifikasi Kerapatan Vegetasi Menggunakan Metode Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) di Kota Ambon. Jurnal Geografi: Geografi Dan Pengajarannya , 20(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.26740/jggp.v20n1.
Lasaiba, M. A., & Tetelepta, E. G. (2024). Analisis Spasial Kerapatan Vegetasi Kota Ambon berbasis Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Jurnal Pengembangan Kota, 11(2), 124–139. https://doi.org/10.14710/jpk.11.2.124-139
Nailufar, B. (2018). Analisis Perubahan Indeks Kerapatan Vegetasi dengan Metode Analisis Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) di Kota Batu Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS) dan Penginderaan Jauh. Mintakat: Jurnal Arsitektur, 19(2), 59–67. https://doi.org/10.26905/mintakat.v19i2.2356
Purwanto, A. (2015). Pemanfaatan Citra Landsat 8 untuk Identifikasi Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) di Kecamatan Silat Hilir Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Edukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan, 13(1), 27–36. https://doi.org/10.31571/edukasi.v13i1.17
Purwanto, R., & Rahma, M. J. (2026). Pengaruh Kerapatan Vegetasi pada Ruang Terbuka Hijau Terhadap Suhu Permukaan di Kota Malang. Jurnal Geografi, Edukasi dan Lingkungan (JGEL), 10 (1), 111–122. https://doi.org/10.22236/jgel.v10i1.20296
Putri, N. K., Pasaribu, S. Y., Hia, G. M. E., Zega, P. A. N., Zulfajri, & Priana, A. (2026). Vegetation Index Analysis Using the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) Method from SPOT 7 Imagery in Simeulue Regency. (2026). YKP JOURNAL, 1(4), 194-200. https://doi.org/10.63639/ykp.v1i4.114
Safitri, D. A., Cahyani, A. D., Bespalova, L. A., & Saves, F. (2025). Analisis Perubahan Indeks Kerapatan Vegetasi Menggunakan Metode Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan Penginderaan Jauh di Kota Surabaya. Journal of Innovative and Creativity, 5(2), 16225–16235. https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v5i2.1986
Setiawan, R. (2025). Analisis Keberadaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau dan Suhu Permukaan di Kota Binjai, Provinsi Sumatera Utara (Skripsi, Universitas Sumatera Utara). Repositori Universitas Sumatera Utara. https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/104824
Sidabutar, Y. F., & Indera, E. (2021). Kajian Potensi Perencanaan Wilayah Kota Binjai, Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Potensi, 1(1), 36–49. https://doi.org/10.37776/jpot.v1i1.656
Sista, S., Kurniawan, A., & Muta'ali, L. (2025). Analisis Spasial Sebaran Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik (RTHP) Menggunakan NDVI dan Getis Ord G* di Kota Yogyakarta. JPIG (Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Geografi), 10(2), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.21067/jpig.v10i2.11966
Ulfami, T., Rahmadi, M. T., & Harefa, M. S. (2026). Mangrove Forest Density Mapping Using Google Earth Engine in Deli Serdang Regency. (2026). YKP JOURNAL, 1(4), 164-174. https://doi.org/10.63639/ykp.v1i4.121
Weng, Q., Lu, D., & Schubring, J. (2004). Estimation of Land Surface Temperature–Vegetation Abundance Relationship for Urban Heat Island Studies. Remote Sensing of Environment, 89(4), 467–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2003.11.005
Yang, K., Sun, W., Luo, Y., & Zhao, L. (2021). Impact of Urban Expansion on Vegetation: The Case of China (2000-2018). Journal of Environmental Management, 291, 112598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112598
Yunianto, D. (2021). Analisis Pertumbuhan dan Kepadatan Penduduk Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. Forum Ekonomi, 23(4), 687–698. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/398c/7726dfb2393cc29c414357d1f5d1d7528c88.pdf
Zaitunah, A. (2021). Analisis Ruang Terbuka Hijau di Kecamatan Binjai Barat dan Kecamatan Binjai Kota (Skripsi, Universitas Sumatera Utara). Repositori Universitas Sumatera Utara. https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/45800
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Selvia Ananda Matondang, Shabrina Najwa Lubis, Ahmad Raihan Hasibuan (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
