Spatial Analysis of Vegetation Density Using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Method Based on Landsat 8 Imagery in Pematangsiantar, North Sumatra, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63639/%25ykpKeywords:
NDVI, Vegetation Density, Landsat 8, Pematang SiantarAbstract
Vegetation plays an important role in maintaining environmental balance through carbon dioxide absorption, oxygen production, air temperature regulation, and improving the quality of the urban environment. Regional development and land use changes in Pematangsiantar City can affect vegetation cover, so monitoring is needed to determine the level of density and spatial distribution of vegetation. This study aims to analyze the distribution of vegetation density in Pematangsiantar City using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method based on Landsat 8 imagery in 2026. This study uses Landsat 8 Level 1 imagery from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) as well as Indonesian Terrain Map (RBI) data as supporting data. The research procedure includes data collection, radiometric correction, image cutting according to administrative boundaries, NDVI calculation, vegetation density classification, and spatial analysis using ArcGIS Pro software. The greenery class includes 1,078.65 hectares (14.22%), low greenery 851.85 hectares (11.23%), very low greenery 202.32 hectares (2.67%), and unvegetated land 3.60 hectares (0.05%). High vegetation density is commonly found in suburbs dominated by farmland, plantations, and green open spaces. In contrast, low NDVI values are concentrated in city centers with higher levels of development. The vegetation in Pematangsiantar City is still relatively good. The NDVI method has proven to be effective in identifying and mapping vegetation density and can be used as a basis for sustainable development planning and urban environmental management.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Saskia Ramadhani, Nur Intan Agustin, Adji El Fahri, Ramadhan Situmorang, Zulfajri Zulfajri, Fitra Yua Pratama (Author)
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